10th Class Chemistry Formulas
All 10th Class Chemistry formulas, chapter by chapter, with search and a printable layout.
Gas Laws (15)
| Formula | Expression |
|---|---|
| Ideal Gas | PV = nRT |
| Boyle's Law | P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ |
| Charles's Law | V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ |
| Gay-Lussac's Law | P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂ |
| Avogadro's Law | V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂ |
| Graham's Law of Diffusion | r₁/r₂ = √(M₂/M₁) |
| Dalton's Law | Pₜ = P₁+P₂+P₃+... |
| Combined Gas Law | P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂ |
| Kinetic Energy of Gas | KE = (3/2)RT (per mole) |
| Root Mean Square Speed | vrms = √(3RT/M) |
| Real Gas Deviation (Z) | Z = PV/nRT |
| Molar Mass from Gas Density | M = dRT/P |
| Universal Gas Constant Value | R = 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) |
| Standard Temperature and Pressure | STP: 0°C (273 K), 1 atm |
| Partial Pressure (Mole Fraction Form) | Pi = xi × Ptotal |
Stoichiometry (14)
| Formula | Expression |
|---|---|
| Moles | n = mass/molar mass |
| Molar Volume (STP) | n = V/22.4 L |
| Percentage Yield | %Yield = (Actual/Theoretical) × 100 |
| Limiting Reagent (concept) | reagent that produces least product runs out first |
| Theoretical Yield (concept) | maximum product calculated from the limiting reagent |
| Mass-to-Mass Stoichiometry | mass B = (mass A/M_A) × mole ratio × M_B |
| Percent Yield | Percent Yield = (Actual Yield/Theoretical Yield) × 100 |
| Percent Composition | Percent Composition = (Mass of Element in Compound/Molar Mass of Compound) × 100 |
| Empirical Formula (concept) | the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound |
| Molecular Formula from Empirical Formula | Molecular Formula = (Empirical Formula)ₙ, n = Molar Mass/Empirical Formula Mass |
| Molar Mass | Molar Mass = Mass of Substance (g)/Number of Moles |
| Number of Moles from Mass | n = Mass (g)/Molar Mass (g/mol) |
| Number of Particles from Moles | N = n × Nₐ, Nₐ = Avogadro's Number (6.022 × 10²³) |
| Molar Volume of a Gas at STP | 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 L at STP |
Atomic Structure (8)
| Formula | Expression |
|---|---|
| Number of Electrons in Shell | max e⁻ = 2n² |
| Bohr Radius | rₙ = n²h²/(4π²mke²) |
| Energy Levels (Bohr) | Eₙ = −13.6/n² eV |
| de Broglie Wavelength | λ = h/mv |
| Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle | Δx·Δp ≥ h/4π |
| Frequency-Wavelength Relation | c = νλ |
| Principal Quantum Number | n = 1, 2, 3... defines the energy level |
| Azimuthal Quantum Number | l = 0 to (n−1) |
Chemical Bonding (9)
| Formula | Expression |
|---|---|
| Formal Charge | FC = V − N − B/2 |
| Bond Order | BO = (bonding e⁻ − antibonding e⁻)/2 |
| Octet Rule | atoms gain/lose/share e⁻ to have 8 valence e⁻ |
| VSEPR (basic) | electron pairs arrange to minimize repulsion |
| Dipole Moment | μ = q × d |
| Percentage Ionic Character | %IC = (μobs/μionic) × 100 |
| Lattice Energy (Born-Landé) | U = −NAMz⁺z⁻e²/(4πε₀r₀)(1−1/n) |
| Electronegativity Difference | ΔEN = EN(A) − EN(B) |
| Resonance Energy | RE = actual bond energy − calculated bond energy |
Periodic Trends (10)
| Formula | Expression |
|---|---|
| Atomic Number | Z = Number of Protons |
| Mass Number | A = Protons + Neutrons |
| Number of Neutrons | n = A − Z |
| Isotope Notation | ᴬZX (A = mass number, Z = atomic number) |
| Average Atomic Mass (Isotopes) | Sum of (isotope mass × fractional abundance) |
| Atomic Mass Unit | 1 amu = 1/12 mass of C-12 atom |
| Electron Configuration Rule (concept) | electrons fill orbitals from lowest to highest energy (Aufbau) |
| Ionization Energy Trend (concept) | increases across a period, decreases down a group |
| Atomic Radius Trend (concept) | decreases across a period, increases down a group |
| Electron Affinity (concept) | energy released when an atom gains an electron |
More class-wise formulas
Formulas are for revision. Always follow the notation and rounding used in your own textbook and board papers.
FAQ
How many 10th Class Chemistry formulas are on this page?
56 formulas in 5 chapters.
Can I print the 10th Class Chemistry formulas?
Yes. Press Print / Save as PDF. The page switches to a clean black-on-white layout without menus.
How do I find one formula quickly?
Type a word such as velocity, area or mole in the search box. Only matching formulas stay visible.
Do the formulas follow my board syllabus?
They follow the usual school and intermediate syllabus, but chapter lists differ between boards. Check your own syllabus for what is included in your exam.